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	<title>cerebrate good times &#187; politics</title>
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	<description>overanalyzing everything</description>
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		<title>malaysian honeymoon</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewpouw.com/2010/03/malaysian-honeymoon/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewpouw.com/2010/03/malaysian-honeymoon/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Mar 2010 18:09:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Pouw</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[adventuring]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[asian american identity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[culture comparisons]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[daily summary]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Malaysia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Martin Jacques]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewpouw.com/?p=505</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>(Hopefully, I&#8217;ll have pictures inserted throughout this long-ish post soon.)</p>
<p>The first stage of cultural exchange is commonly called the “honeymoon” period, the time when baby expats get moonstruck by being in a brand spankin’ new place.  But when I first got to China, I didn’t feel particularly excited.  It could have been a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>(Hopefully, I&#8217;ll have pictures inserted throughout this long-ish post soon.)</em></p>
<p>The first stage of cultural exchange is commonly called the “honeymoon” period, the time when baby expats get moonstruck by being in a brand spankin’ new place.  But when I first got to China, I didn’t feel particularly excited.  It could have been a lot of things… maybe it was because I’d been to Beijing before, or because I had just left a relationship at home, or because the tepid identification I had with Chinese culture was making me feel dissonant instead of secure, or something else, or a combination of these and other ethereally uneasy feelings.  The point is, I never felt that “wow!” when I first got to China.</p>
<p>And after that point I never really left China either, barring the occasional culture-twisting trip to Hong Kong.  So when Hong Kong cousin William and his wife Kim invited me to spend a week of the Lunar New Year vacation in Malaysia with Kim’s family, I thought it would be a nice change of pace.</p>
<p>And as soon as I stepped onto the dull tarmac at Kuala Lumpur’s Low Cost Carrier Terminal airport, I could feel it.  The change was in the air, which weighed heavy on my suddenly damp clothes.  Shenzhen had been decidedly nippy at 11 degrees Celsius, but Kim’s brother Thye, who picked me up at the gate, mentioned that the Malaysian weather always stayed around a nice 35, give or take a few degrees depending on the time of year.  I asked him if a 33 degree winter actually felt any different.  “Yeah, the sun doesn’t hurt as much,” he replied.</p>
<p>As we drove under the clear blue sky along the (left side!) of the highway flanked by green hills and oil palms towards a reunion with the rest of the family, I noticed that the ad billboards here kept up the polyglot practices of the airport we had just left.  Product placement flashed by us in combinations of Malay, Chinese, English, Arabic, and Devangari.  Now, normally when I see English in a place like Hong Kong it’s like finding water in a desert.  I can read again!  But to have four other languages on top of English, too?  Awesome!</p>
<p>The excitement finally beginning to flutter in my chest didn’t just come from liking linguistics, too.  Running through the mall with Thye to clock in a belated appearance at his family’s New Year banquet, I saw more shades of brown than I had seen for months, even possibly ever.  It wasn’t just skin tones either: maybe a third of the population was decked out in varying degrees of head scarves.  Malaysia is a majority Islamic country after all, and the Malay (Muslim) majority exists side-by-side with one of the world’s most substantial Overseas Chinese populations and a large Indian contingent as well, each even having their own established political parties and seats in the Malaysian Parliament.  Something about this diversity just jazzed me up like I hadn’t felt for a long time.</p>
<p>I ended up staying in Kim’s parents’ place, which was a large airy 3-story suburb house across from which was Thye’s.  It seemed that the neighborhood was like a gated community of Overseas Chinese.  We had arrived on the night right before the Lunar New Year, and even though the Chinese are 26% of Malaysia’s population, that is sizable enough to give the entire country a set of official holidays and festive moods.  Our sleep kept getting interrupted by the bangs and pows of fireworks exploding to herald the year of the tiger.  </p>
<p>In these Chinese enclaves, with red lanterns and the kind of intricately detailed teak wood furniture that I can never accurately describe in words but you always know is Chinese when you see it, I sensed an authentic culture preserved to a degree I’d never encountered before.  Maybe it’s because the Malaysian Chinese possess both the cash to maintain their arts and letters as well as an immigrant reverence for the old country, and their dislocation shielded them from the ruinous revolutions of the 19th and 20th centuries on the Mainland.  </p>
<p>Which isn’t to say that the Chinese haven’t had problems in Malaysia.  From what I hear, there are plenty of tensions between the Malay population and the other ethnicities, mostly the Chinese, and extremely intense affirmative action-type laws ensure that Chinese must cede many positions to ethnic Malays just to ensure that Malaysia retains its Malay character.  But at least there weren’t any ethnic massacres like in Indonesia.  Amongst the Southeast Asian countries, it seems to enjoy a relatively harmonious peace.</p>
<p>That’s what we had in mind for the next few days, at least.  We drove up the North-South highway from Kuala Lumpur to Penang Island and stayed there for a few days.  According to Kim, Penang is known for its authentic Malaysian food sold in “hawker” stands next to which you eat at plastic tables under umbrellas shading you from the daylight heat.  We got to do that a few times too, and my tummy was much obliged.  I also played in the resort sand by the beautiful beach with William, Kim, and Aidan, their 2-year old.  (Playing with a 2-year-old is the most awesome thing in the world.  Your worries just melt away!)  </p>
<p>Now, I know that Penang in particular is a tourist destination so it’ll obviously have a lot of different people coming in from all over the world, but as I floated around in the pool and lazed about the open-air lounge, I of course kept marveling at how diverse the people were there.  It honestly had been a long time since I’d seen anything like it.  Why was that?  I wondered.  Oh yes – I’d been in China all this time.  At that moment I realized how incredibly homogenous China is, and how much of my good vibes over Malaysia’s diversity really came from my relief at seeing other diverse peoples again.  The next thought: Am I more used to identifying as a minority than I am as actually Chinese?  </p>
<p>At this point in my wicker chair ruminations, Dad sent me a link that I browsed through on my iTouch.  It was very well-timed, as it was <a href="http://www.truthdig.com/dig/item/a_chinese_primacy_in_the_making_20091130/">an interview with Martin Jacques</a> that included a segment about China’s homogeneity in the context of its imminent rise.  I could think of plenty of my own experiences that demonstrated it, like the time I had been with my American friends in a Bao’An District skate park and two 12 year old boys came up to ask me if I were a hunxue, or half-blood, just because I was with all the white people.  The substance of Jacques&#8217; interview (and his book) is actually mostly geared towards pointing out incorrect and arrogant Western perceptions of China, which I appreciate very much, but this homogeneity gives him pause as well:</p>
<blockquote><p>
Martin Jacques: Well, I think that China will in time project itself in all sorts of ways around the world. I think in that sense it will have some of the characteristics of a global power, whatever that global power is. But it will be also expressed in different ways. One of my greatest concerns about the rise of China—in fact, my greatest concern, not one of them, but my greatest concern—is the question of the attitude of the Han towards cultural differences, different ethnicities. Because, as you point out, it’s certainly true—very unusual, quite different from any other populace, nation like India or Indonesia or the United States—the Chinese overwhelmingly consider themselves to be of one race: the Han. This is a product of a long—once again, back to the civilization-state, 2,000 years and longer of a sort of ethnic construction of China, which has seen the Han-ization of China. Now, in a way, for China, that’s been a great strength, because it’s essentially held the country together. That’s why it’s never divided, that’s why it was nonsense in 1989 ever to predict that China would break up. It was never going to happen, for this reason. But on the other hand, the negative side to this is the Han have a very weak conception of cultural difference and the respect for cultural difference. And the reason they have such problems with the Uyghurs and the Tibetans—and it’s very, very serious; I mean, we’ve had really serious racial riots in Lhasa last year and Urumqi this year—is because, essentially, the Han notion of handling other ethnicities is to Han-ize them. To assimilate them. To civilize them.</p>
<p>Scheer: Yeah. I mean, they claimed they were doing the Tibetans a favor.</p>
<p>Jacques: Yeah, of course. You know, we’re raising—and in some ways they have been …</p>
<p>Scheer: It’s what you Brits tried to do in India, right?</p>
<p>Jacques: (Laughs) Yeah. Yeah, we did, and not just in India. But, you know, to raise the Tibetans or the Uyghurs up to the level of the Han, and thereby Han-ize them, that’s of course what’s happened, historically, with the Mongolians and with the Manchus and so on.</p></blockquote>
<p>People are always talking about China’s 56 ethnic minorities…yes, they exist, and yes, they’re culturally different, and yes, China handles it sensitively (perhaps too sensitively sometimes, judging by the policies that essentially amount to consenting segregation of Uyghur children from Han children in Bao’an District schools here) but come on, they’re all ASIAN.  To actually quote the words that some Chinese people have told me, they are all yellow (a guard once explained to me how there are four types of people in the world: black, white, brown, and yellow).  Another guy in Beijing once told me that America always had to invent enemies abroad because they had no cohesive racial identity, and that China was always automatically united because everyone was yellow.  </p>
<p>Remembering these interactions and then reading what Jacques had to say made me realize something well enough to finally put it into words, at last: <strong>the Chinese do not distinguish between the Chinese people and the Chinese nation</strong>. There are drawbacks to homogeneity but also a big, gigantic plus: an enormous feeling of cohesion, pride, and almost familial relationship with your other citizens.  I have heard two things: the first is that while people in the West see strangers as &#8220;in&#8221; or &#8220;out&#8221; of social &#8220;boxes,&#8221; people in China see strangers as merely removed from them by a few nodes in an interconnected network and therefore think in terms of &#8220;near&#8221; or &#8220;far&#8221; instead of &#8220;in&#8221; or &#8220;out.&#8221;  Secondly, I have also heard that nations can be categorized by how they emphasize three factors: blood, language, and citizenship.  The United States considers you an American if you possess citizenship and, for the most part, English proficiency.  The Japanese require all three before they consider you one of them.  The Chinese care only about the blood.  </p>
<p>After Penang, we spent a lot of time wandering about Kuala Lumpur&#8217;s malls and bookstores, pushing Aidan around in his stroller and waiting for the grandpa generation to make up its mind about where it wanted to go for dinner.  All the while I kept noticing the display of diversity.  Islamic women in headscarves sashaying around in extraordinarily capitalist malls buying items from Indians who rubbed shoulders and joked around with Chinese people all while speaking English (who were they speaking English for, I wondered?). </p>
<p>Of course, one could say “Andrew, don’t be stupid, you’re making a big deal out of a nonissue.  After all, it’s not like Western capitalism is mutually exclusive with other cultures; just look at Dubai.”  Sure.  But what is interesting about <em>that</em> is that I&#8217;m in Malaysia, walking through megamalls that successfully rose again after the entire economy collapsed with George Soros&#8217; shorting of the Malaysian <em>ringgit </em>while pillaging the Asian Tiger economies in the early 2000s.  After that disaster, what did they do?  They went right back to capitalism, albeit this time with protective regulations.  Those measures aside, it still seemed to be an admission that <em>progress</em> and <em>modernity</em> automatically equate to the Western model.  For all of this <em>cultural</em> diversity, I wondered, does it all just amount to the same way of life?  Do Hindus, Muslims, Buddhists, and Taoists all just go to H&#038;M for their clothes and Baskin Robbins for their snacks?  Is all we are walking and advancing towards just a multiracial mall complex?</p>
<p>Which is where a reading of Jacques seems to yield revealing insights again.  He contends that &#8220;modernity&#8221; does not equate to &#8220;Westernization,&#8221; and that when China fully rises, we will see a different model, a second successful one that nobody conceived of before in the West:</p>
<blockquote><p>
Scheer: Why use the word rule? You know, “When China Rules the World”? Do you mean it in the sense that they will take over, they will tell us what to do?</p>
<p>Jacques: No, but I mean it in this sense: that when a country of power becomes globally hegemonic, it basically sets the rules. It designs the major institutions. It has a huge reach, not just economically, but politically, culturally, intellectually, morally, militarily.</p>
<p>Scheer: Yeah, but the Chinese are in many ways becoming more like us. Would these rules really be so very different? &#8230;</p>
<p>Jacques: No, I think this is, to be quite blunt about it, balderdash. I mean, it’s certainly true that the Chinese are learning English, but they don’t learn it to speak in China, they learn it to speak with foreigners who speak English; it’s an interlocutor language. &#8230;.And while it’s certainly true that China has learned heavily from the West over the past 30 years in terms of technology, in terms of markets and so on, at the same time it remains profoundly different. And this is the point about modernization. People think of it as a process of Westernization. Well, maybe in part it is a process of Westernization, but only in part. Because modernization is also shaped by history and culture, so if your history and culture is very distinct and very different from that of the West, which in the case of China it most certainly is, the result will be a very different kind of society, a very different kind of identity. </p>
</blockquote>
<p>After a few days I bid my goodbyes to family and set off for Shenzhen again.  Vacation was over and it was back to teaching.  Many American teachers here in my program are now feeling a little blue, having had a taste of the outside world again and seeing what they&#8217;re missing out on by staying in China.  I suppose that for most of them, the novelty of China is starting to fade away.  Thankfully, I feel better than I did before, as my problems were in my head and my travels only helped to clarify them.  How do I develop a more stable and cohesive self-identity in subjecting it to the unknowns that I have always been associated with, and how can I find a way to fairly view both Chinese and Western societies?  Seeing more of China, and seeing its reflection just outside of its borders too, helped.  My language skills are better now than they&#8217;ve ever been, too.  More about that, another day.</p>
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		<title>un-china_digression: GQ gut check</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewpouw.com/2009/11/un-china_digression-gq-gut-check/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewpouw.com/2009/11/un-china_digression-gq-gut-check/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 30 Nov 2009 06:46:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Pouw</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[waiguo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[writing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[andrew corsello ayn rand GQ]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewpouw.com/?p=415</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Whenever I come back to Shenzhen from Hong Kong I stop by a magazine stand to pick up some English reading to while away the time spent changing subway/train lines and standing in line in customs.  My preferences: GQ and Wired.  But it has to be an American &#8211; not British &#8211; edition [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Whenever I come back to Shenzhen from Hong Kong I stop by a magazine stand to pick up some English reading to while away the time spent changing subway/train lines and standing in line in customs.  My preferences: GQ and Wired.  But it has to be an American &#8211; not British &#8211; edition of GQ.  I don&#8217;t really care for thirty pages of articles about the parliamentary intrigues of a government that has minimal relevance today, or for another twenty pages of sartorial writing that aims to recapture the fashion style of &#8220;the glory days of Empire.&#8221;  That and I don&#8217;t really identify with all those British words like &#8220;bollocks.&#8221;  An odd little way of finding my American comfort level.</p>
<p>But what I enjoyed the most out of this month&#8217;s American GQ was most definitely <a href="http://www.gq.com/entertainment/books/200911/ayn-rand-dick-books-fountainhead">Andrew Corsello&#8217;s excoriating article on Ayn Rand</a>, who is GQ&#8217;s Writer of the Year for her &#8220;influence.&#8221;</p>
<p>To briefly explain my stance on the polemical Objectivist: I don&#8217;t buy her arguments and I was never very impressed.  One of my father&#8217;s libertarian colleagues gave me my copies of <em>The Fountainhead</em> and <em>Atlas Shrugged</em> with a note about cultivating the young mind that my father boasted of so often.  They were decent reads to while away the summer hours of high school, but even then I thought it was more like pulp fiction than either Dickens or Rushdie, especially with the many cheap tricks it pulled (evidently if you want your son to grow up strong, resolute and masculine, give him the initials HR &#8211; and if you want your daughter to grow up strong, resolute and masculine, the initials DT will be fine too.)  So many of my friends whom I had previously thought of as sensible people remarked how &#8220;unique&#8221; the Randian world view was though.  My own political views disagreed and my aesthetics vomited, but until college there wasn&#8217;t much confrontation on the matter.</p>
<p>Fast forward to 2007 when Ann Coulter and the neoconservative punditry was working at a fever tilt spewing hatred and bigotry.  The USC Objectivist Club, always hosting crockpot panels on how the West should nuke terrorists into cinders or how everything blue and green was bad all while trying to pass it off as academic discussion and debate (there is no such thing as debate with an Objectivist; there is only his or her linear thinking), was reaching out to the USC Young Republicans to co-sponsor a week they wanted to call &#8220;Islamo-Fascism Awareness Week&#8221; which would culminate with the hosting of Ms. Coulter herself.  I was mordantly annoyed by this and tried to rouse my own tepid Academic Culture Assembly board members to stand up and fight for the &#8220;academic integrity&#8221; that the Randian lunatics were hijacking and calling their own, but in the end we let it slip by.  I still wish that I had sent a letter in to the school paper&#8217;s editor or something.</p>
<p>But I don&#8217;t have to worry about voicing my opinions about Objectivism, Ayn Rand or her two puerile fiction pieces anymore, as Corsello did it all for me.  I can hardly put it better myself, so here&#8217;s a sampler:</p>
<blockquote><p>
A weirdly specific thing happens with the books of Ayn Rand. It&#8217;s not just the what of the books, but when a reader discovers them—almost always during the first or second year of college. Rand grabs a reader at a time of maximum vulnerability and malleability, when he&#8217;s getting his first accurate sense of how he measures up in the world in terms of intellect and talent. The longing to regard oneself as misunderstood and underrated can be powerful; the temptation to project oneself as such, irresistible. But how? How to stand above and apart?</p>
<p>Enter Howard Roark, the heroic and misunderstood architect, square of jaw and Asperger-ish of mien, who at the end of The Fountainhead blows up his own masterpiece after a bunch of sniveling &#8220;parasites&#8221; and &#8220;second-handers&#8221; tinker with the blueprints.</p>
<p>GODDAMN!</p>
<p>Then enter Atlas Shrugged&#8217;s John Galt, the heroic and misunderstood engineer, square of jaw and Asperger-ish of mien, who, after persuading &#8220;men of talent&#8221; to retreat to his Colorado aerie while the country goes to seed (in order to show the &#8220;mediocrities&#8221; left behind what life is like without their betters), delivers a 35,000-word speech decrying bureaucrats and regulators.</p>
<p>SIXTY PAGES, BITCHES!</p>
<p>Finally, enter Objectivism, the name Rand gave to her moral defense of &#8220;reason,&#8221; individualism, and unfettered capitalism.</p>
<p>SCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOORE!</p>
<p>The days during which that 19-year-old has Rand&#8217;s worldview vectored into his cerebral cortex are feverish and sleepless. Days of beautiful affliction during which the intransigence of others—roommates, a coed the patient has been hitting on, professors, parents, everyone—are shown to be the product of their shortcomings, their idiocy and sublimated envy of the patient&#8217;s intelligence and talent. Days during which the infected comes to see himself and Roark/Galt as avatars of one another: superheroically mirthless protagonists in a drama of historical import. It&#8217;s the damnedest thing. One day you&#8217;ve got a bright young kid dutifully connecting the dots of his liberal-arts education; the next, he&#8217;s got Roark and Galt in the marrow and has become…an insufferable asshole.</p></blockquote>
<p>And a fairly good example of such an asshole:</p>
<blockquote><p>
does that moniker &#8220;Ayn Rand Asshole&#8221; strike you as a contrivance? Do you disbelieve the proposition that a person could read Atlas Shrugged almost purely at the level of injunction—taking the things John Galt says and does as straight as a biblical literalist takes the eye of the needle?</p>
<p>Then meet Michael Malice. No, really. That&#8217;s his name. He&#8217;s a New York City author and blogger who calls himself both a genius and an &#8220;elitist anarchist.&#8221; What&#8217;s that mean? It means that if a panhandler asks him for a little money or food, Malice says, &#8220;I could, but then you might live longer, so you see my dilemma.&#8221;<br />
&#8230;</p>
<p>Malice also owns the domain name…eh, forget it. You&#8217;ll just think I&#8217;m making this stuff up. Here&#8217;s the interview transcript:</p>
<blockquote><p>mm: It&#8217;s funny you should call me an Ayn Rand Asshole, because I happen to own the domain name assholism.com.<br />
    gq: Ah, now you&#8217;re fucking with me.<br />
    mm: Really. I own it.2<br />
    gq: Really?<br />
    mm: I really do.<br />
    gq: If that&#8217;s true, you are not a Randian Asshole. You are the Ayn Rand Asshole.<br />
    mm: Well, an asshole is just an assertive person you don&#8217;t approve of, right?</p></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p>Oh, wait, I DO have something to say:<br />
This kind of dead certainty is something you should be rewarded with after you have assessed all factors and been able to reach the best conclusion.  This is almost never possible, but I&#8217;ll concede that some people are good enough to do it.  But most Randians aren&#8217;t.  Too many of them mistake a blind and lazy kind of self-confidence for this kind of enlightenment.  This sort of cockiness lazily passes over analysis and argument and skips to the part where one professes the righteous correctness that helps to fuel his or her own compensatory narcissism.</p>
<p>A Randian would then get on my case about hypocrisy and using an elitist attitude to attack Rand&#8217;s support for elitist attitudes.  But they&#8217;d forget one important difference: I don&#8217;t eat babies.</p>
<p>I&#8217;ll leave the rest for my own notes.  But I do encourage you to read Corsello&#8217;s wonderful, vindictive, and visciously delicious article from top to bottom.  By the way, I may agree with the bare bones of Corsello&#8217;s economic-tie-in, but I&#8217;m going to reserve judgment on more conspiratorial matters until I read some of the rest of what those libertarians are touting for myself.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>bummer charlie brown</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewpouw.com/2009/10/bummer-charlie-brown/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewpouw.com/2009/10/bummer-charlie-brown/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 22 Oct 2009 12:18:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Pouw</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[shenzhen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[teaching]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[teaching in china]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewpouw.com/?p=350</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Last night in the school cafeteria I chatted with Gong Laoshi, one of the 9th grade science teachers.  He speaks English very well, so we were able to have a relatively complicated conversation about genetic testing (I learned the word for &#8220;law&#8221; from this) and figured out that we were both going to be [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Last night in the school cafeteria I chatted with Gong Laoshi, one of the 9th grade science teachers.  He speaks English very well, so we were able to have a relatively complicated conversation about genetic testing (I learned the word for &#8220;law&#8221; from this) and figured out that we were both going to be on the 9th grade teacher trip to the Dameisha beaches this weekend.  I also asked him about the test for tenure that many of the other teachers took on Sunday, as it seemed that many teachers were anxiously waiting for the results to come out.  He shook his head and explained to me that he had already passed the requirements twenty years ago when he first came to the Yucai school group, but that was then and this generation&#8217;s test was altogether a different beast.  I have seen Nana and Guan Laoshi&#8217;s textbooks &#8211; huge manuscripts chocked full with characters about education theory and classroom management, and heard about how teachers must memorize and recite large passages from it.  &#8220;10,000 teachers in Shenzhen take this test every year,&#8221; he said.  &#8220;Only 300 are allowed to pass.&#8221;  He went on to say that many teachers repeatedly take the test year after year in the hopes that they will be one of the 300.  &#8220;The government does not want there to be too many teachers,&#8221; he said.  &#8220;They say that after a few years, the amount of children will decline, and that there will be too many teachers then.&#8221; </p>
<p>I thought about what a previous teacher had told me &#8211; that in Shenzhen, free and guaranteed education is only given up till secondary school.  After that, there are only enough high school seats for half of Shenzhen&#8217;s teenage population, and so 50% of them end their schooling right after middle school.  I was curious about this, but thought that it might be because of the sheer number of &#8220;undocumented&#8221; citizens lured by Shenzhen&#8217;s economic promise who do not figure into population counts or policy changes.  Perhaps this was why no more schools could be built.  It seemed to me an oddly regulatory move in a city of supposedly rampant capitalism.</p>
<p>With this in mind, I asked Gong Laoshi what he thought &#8211; would there really be a population decline in the next few years?  He shook his head again.  &#8220;They are wrong, I think.  But the real reason they are like this is because for them, fewer teachers are easier to manage,&#8221; he said.  I recalled again the relatively centralized financial flow of Shenzhen&#8217;s education budget.  I may be wrong about this &#8211; Joe, if you&#8217;re reading this feel free to correct me &#8211; but I had understood that in the States, public schools receive their funding after district residents file their taxes.  The portion of those taxes designated for the local school system then eventually winds up at that school.  I don&#8217;t know the extent to which an entire city government has to involve itself in this affair, but if Los Angeles Unified is any indication, it may end up being pretty complicated as well.  Still, some amount of the process remains localized.  In Shenzhen, it seems that taxes are taken out of wages before they are delivered, meaning no individual taxes are filed (Mandy, please correct me about this if I am wrong again) and that those taxes which are paid to the government are paid by large employer groups, which seems to grant weight towards the top of management for budget concerns.  If Shenzhen&#8217;s education system does indeed approach their budget from a more top-down perspective than schools in the States do, then I can see how they would want to artificially keep the number of teachers down.  But I still don&#8217;t think it&#8217;s a good policy decision for anybody but the government office.</p>
<p>&#8220;Some teachers have to send money to the government to ask them if they can pass the test,&#8221; Gong Laoshi laughed.  I wasn&#8217;t sure if he was joking or if he meant that those teachers were desperate or just outright bribing the Education Bureau.  &#8220;And then there are young, beautiful women teachers&#8230;&#8221; he laughed again.  I laughed too, a little uneasily.  &#8220;Do you understand what I mean?&#8221;  In any conversation where I am switching between two languages with every other sentence, this would usually have simple connotations, but I wasn&#8217;t sure.  &#8220;Eventually Shenzhen would only have young, beautiful women teachers?&#8221; I hazarded.  He didn&#8217;t say anything and just went back to eating.</p>
<p>The pensive quiet after that persisted into today&#8217;s lunch.  Usually I eat with the other English teachers, but today everyone seemed to be whispering to each other in small groups.  Over every office there is a tense silence, and some teachers occasionally wipe at their red eyes with a kerchief.  Coming home without having passed is a dreadful thought for both younger and older teachers alike.  One muttered morosely &#8220;if I fail, my parents will be so disappointed&#8221; under her breath.  An older teacher who had been looking forward to having the time after the test to cook a nice meal for her son learned that she did not pass today and I found her in the office long past work hours, quietly slouched in her chair with her son at her side.  I taught five classes today, an unusually heavy load for my work week, so I wasn&#8217;t in our office much &#8211; but I did eventually learn that none of our teachers had passed the exam.  I&#8217;m not sure if that means none of our department&#8217;s teachers, or none of Yucai Third Middle&#8217;s teachers.  Either way, I really wonder about the fairness and efficiency of this system, especially given the actual market need for more teachers and the 50% of students for whom it will exclude from further education.  </p>
<p>I think I should probably bake some more cookies.</p>
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		<title>character characteristics</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewpouw.com/2009/10/character-characteristics/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewpouw.com/2009/10/character-characteristics/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 18 Oct 2009 17:36:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Pouw</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[asian american identity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[language]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[waiguo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chinese culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Simplified Chinese]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Traditional Chinese]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewpouw.com/?p=339</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>The Los Angeles Times is the only paper that I have read which consistently runs the occasional column on Chinese and Chinese-American interest stories, and more remarkably, only about 50% of them are the Communist-demonizing insinuation pieces you usually find in American media.  Today&#8217;s article was one of the other 50% and speaks of [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Los Angeles Times is the only paper that I have read which consistently runs the occasional column on Chinese and Chinese-American interest stories, and more remarkably, only about 50% of them are the Communist-demonizing insinuation pieces you usually find in American media.  <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-chinese18-2009oct18,0,1865034,full.story">Today&#8217;s article</a> was one of the other 50% and speaks of the cultural and political schism that the divide of the Chinese literacy system into Traditional and Simplified script is causing:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8230;Lee, who came to the U.S. from Taiwan in the 1980s, said she resented Lim&#8217;s characterization of traditional script as obsolete. &#8220;Chinese characters are so beautiful, why would you give that up?&#8221; she said. &#8220;How could 5,000 years of history go away that easily?&#8221;</p>
<p>Simplified characters were introduced in the 1950s by the Chinese communist regime to improve literacy rates among the country&#8217;s mostly rural population.</p>
<p>At the time, anti-communist politicians and refugees fled and settled in Taiwan, where they continued the use of traditional script.</p>
<p>Before diplomatic relations were established between the United States and China in the 1970s, the traditional form was commonly taught here. To switch to the simplified form says something about Taiwan&#8217;s place in the world and who speaks on behalf of Chinese culture, said David Lee, past president of the Arcadia Chinese Assn.</p>
<p>&#8220;In the heart of Taiwan, it&#8217;s a crisis because the Taiwanese feel they are so small, there&#8217;s nothing they can compete with China, not militarily, not with population,&#8221; Lee said. &#8220;But if there&#8217;s something they can . . . insist upon, it&#8217;s culture and the language. And script is part of the culture.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>Personally I have invested all my time into learning simplified text, and even though I am mostly still illiterate in this country, it is always an ironic relief to see Mainland China&#8217;s 简体字。  Only here am I ever able to use what I&#8217;ve learned &#8211; not in Taiwan, not in Hong Kong, and not even in any Chinese community or establishment anywhere in America.  This feeling of linguistic isolation really gets to me when I look at menus and signs written in Traditional script in America, as if even despite my best efforts I never will broach even the slightest bit back into that cultural heritage.</p>
<p>Even when I passed the immigration and customs border from Shenzhen to Hong Kong, I remember breathing in a warm feeling of recognition and belonging when I saw the sign &#8220;Welcome to Hong Kong&#8221; hanging from the bridge awning &#8211; and then breathing it out in a sigh of disappointment when I saw it repeated in Traditional script underneath.  Chinese-Americans don&#8217;t have a shared sense of community spirit yet &#8211; as evidenced by the article &#8211; and we are each different in how we relate to our heritage, but for me and the importance I place in language and the written word, this is my Chinese-American dilemma: implicit sensations of belonging and exclusion, always confusingly wrapped into each other in the same current of cross-purposes whenever I see Traditional script.</p>
<p>It sounds like I am a proponent of Simplified for selfish purposes.  I won&#8217;t deny that, and I won&#8217;t deny Traditional its beauty or the implicit meanings and connotations that it richly holds which I won&#8217;t ever be able to understand to the same level that I can analyze an English text (sadly).  But languages have turning points where they change and evolve &#8211; English itself softened its angular Teutonic inflections after the Norman conquest of England, which forced French influences upon it to such an extent that even Middle English is drastically different from Old English.  And even after that, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Vowel_Shift">major events served to twist it even further</a> into its modern form today, and Modern English is also proving to be very malleable.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-340" title="orly" src="http://www.andrewpouw.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/orly.jpg" alt="orly" width="730" height="324" /></p>
<p></p>
<p>I think I know literary scholars who would be on both sides of this argument: those calling for the preservation of the cultural richness of Traditional, and those who would be excited to see the evolution of a new dynamic iteration of language (whether or not Simplified is that, I don&#8217;t know, but it&#8217;s a change at least).</p>
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		<title>lions and tigers and bears, oh my</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewpouw.com/2009/09/lions-and-tigers-and-bears-oh-my/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewpouw.com/2009/09/lions-and-tigers-and-bears-oh-my/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Sep 2009 15:28:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Pouw</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[asian american identity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[culture comparisons]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[waiguo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[60th Anniversary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chinese politics]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewpouw.com/?p=273</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Of course I think it is very important for young people to know about history,&#8221; said Wang Laoshi.  The four of us from the English Department were clustered together again at the lunch bench in the teacher&#8217;s canteen, and after somehow getting on the subject of family trees (&#8221;Family tree is jiapu!  Say [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Of course I think it is very important for young people to know about history,&#8221; said Wang Laoshi.  The four of us from the English Department were clustered together again at the lunch bench in the teacher&#8217;s canteen, and after somehow getting on the subject of family trees (&#8221;Family tree is jiapu!  Say &#8216;jiapu,&#8217; Andrew!  Very good!&#8221;) and moving on to Iris Chang (&#8221;That huayi who killed herself&#8230;what was her name?&#8221;) and the Nanking Massacre, Wang Laoshi was describing to me how shamefully many children even in China did not know about &#8220;the most important time period in China&#8217;s history, from 1920 to 1950.  No, actually, 1850 to 1950.&#8221;  One of the older teachers in our department, in some ways Wang Laoshi&#8217;s elegant chic and spunky demeanor remind me of Chris Targus, a longtime family friend.  Energetically (like another Wang I know) she continued to chirp, &#8220;This is because this time period is widely thought of as China&#8217;s time of shame.  Every Chinese knows what this feels like, as if you are a DOG&#8221; &#8211; here her eyes widened and she lowered her chopsticks emphatically &#8211; &#8220;who can not go back to his home.&#8221;</p>
<p>Gently serene Guan Laoshi nodded.  Tiantian, one of our office&#8217;s younger teachers and the subject of congratulatory office teasing for her upcoming marriage, stirred at her food quietly.</p>
<p>We probably started talking about TV after that.</p>
<p>This underlying sense of shame and redemption is something that no American pundit I have ever listened to understands, but every Chinese person with any amount of cultural self-respect (I&#8217;m looking at you, Arcadia &#8211; just having a lot of boba cafes isn&#8217;t good enough) feels deeply.  It&#8217;s why everyone is looking forward so much to watching the celebrations for the 60th Anniversary of China&#8217;s founding tomorrow.   It feels a little like how it felt when the Beijing Olympics were being broadcast.  What!  Celebrating 60 years of Communist rule! the rabid right would accuse&#8230;except nobody here really thinks at all about that.  In fact, I&#8217;m dead certain that most Chinese remember quite well how bitter life was during most of those sixty years.  It&#8217;s probably <em>because</em> of that hardship that everyone anticipates the ceremony and significance of tomorrow.  The past was terrible, but at least we are here now today.  And today we are strong.</p>
<p>A strength in no small part defined by military might, of course.  I remember in 1999 when my parents watched China&#8217;s 50th anniversary celebrations from satellite television.  They made me watch it too &#8211; I was 12 and quickly bored by all the tanks, planes and regiments that seemed to endlessly parade past Jiang Zemin&#8217;s dorky hand-wave.  I had no idea that this thing I was having to sit through would be debated endlessly by American talking heads in the years to come as a demonstration of aggressive Chinese militancy, but I would certainly feel it in the 7th grade when Cory Greene asked &#8220;hey Chinaman, why&#8217;d you down our plane?&#8221; after the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan_Island_incident">Hainan Island Incident</a> and when my ears would burn upon hearing freshman Poli Sci majors try to sound important by speculating when the inevitable Chinese-American war would erupt in college dining halls.  &#8220;What!  Why would they think that!&#8221; flustered Nana when I mentioned this American paranoia to her.  &#8220;Well&#8230;I guess, maybe, they did it on purpose too, to show the world they are strong,&#8221; she amended after a few moments of thought.  &#8220;But still!  It is also just a celebration!  They are all being silly.&#8221;</p>
<p>In fact, I swear I once heard one of those talking heads on TV comment on how the Chinese seemed to be holding true to their promise of a 21st century &#8220;peaceful rise&#8221; based solely on how they had not &#8220;attempted any demonstrations of military antics like those parades before in the past.&#8221;  The guy thought the Chinese were deliberately avoiding prancing around with guns in hand for these last ten years just to keep a low profile.  I wonder what he&#8217;ll think when they do it again tomorrow, haha!</p>
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